Fire Protection and Evacuation Analysis in Underground Interchange Tunnels by Integrating BIM and Numerical Simulation

Rescue and evacuation of underground interchange tunnels after a fire are challenging. Therefore, method integrating building information modeling (BIM) dynamic simulator (FDS) was proposed to analyze characteristics personnel escapes in tunnels. A BIM model built, then different formats (DXF CAD) were generated imported into Pyrosim software Pathfinder software. With an increase ventilation velocity, the CO concentration temperature downstream source increased, visibility decreased, according simulation results. The critical velocity 3.6 m/s at 30 MW. Evacuation results suggested that congestion transverse passage very unfavorable for escape: escape time increased by 14.9% 20% when interior entrance severely congested, while 2.5 m wide effectively reduced time. Visibility first indicator it did not meet safety escape. After tunnel’s have been evacuated, air supply or exhaust system should be started, smoke expelled higher velocity. It is necessary clear passageway quickly automatic firefighting facilities severe.